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【六届通译杯比赛辅导】初赛题目分类介绍之笔译题2

 2016/9/21    通译翻译|同声传译

【六届通译杯比赛辅导】初赛题目分类介绍之笔译题2

今天我们一起来探讨在汉英翻译中需要注意的一个部分,那就是汉语和英语在句式上的差异,如果我们能注意到这两种语言之间的差异,那么我们的译文就不会很生硬,也更能够被目标语言的读者所接受。


1. 中英文句式的差异:中文善于用短句且用标点符号;英文善于用长句,不注重标点的使用。因此,在英译汉时,要多用短句;汉译英时,则多用长句。比如:
原文:一种新产品,只要包装精美,质量过硬,宣传得当,就能在市场中热销。
译文:A new product which has beautiful packing, good quality and advertising may likely be a hit in market.
解析:原文中的汉语为五个小短句组成,在翻译成英文时我们将其处理成完整的句子,各个部分用定语从句连接。


2. 中英文动静的差异:中文是动态性语言,善于用动词;英文是静态性语言,善于用名词;中文善用名词或省略,英文善用代词。因此,英译汉时,多用动词,汉译英时,多用名词。比如:
原文:Resorted to compromise and capitulation
译文:诉诸在外部的妥协和投降
解析: “compromise”和 “capitulate”都是名词,翻译成汉语时转化为动词形式。


3. 中文是意合语言,英文是形合语言:英译汉要省略适当连词,汉译英要加适当连词。比如:
原文:I did not go to school, because I was sick. 
译文:我病啦,没去上课。
解析:英文中用了连词“because”,但翻译成中文时则省略了连词“因为”,这体现了中文是意合语言,英文是形合语言的特点。
在今天的练习题中,希望大家能够注意到汉英两种语言的区别,使得译文更加地道具有可读性。


【原文】
能源安全同世界经济的稳定发展和各国人民的福祉息息相关。在当前国际金融危机背景下,维护全球能源安全对有效应对国际金融危机冲击、推动世界经济全面复苏和长远发展具有重要意义。
国际社会应树立互利合作、多元发展、协同保障的新能源安全观,共同稳定能源等大宗商品价格、防止过度投机和炒作,保障各国特别是发展中国家能源需求,维护能源市场正常秩序。同时,各国应改善能源结构,加强先进能源技术的研发和推广,大力发展清洁和可再生能源,在相关领域积极开展国际合作。

 

 

 

【参考译文】
Energy security is closely related to the stable growth of t world economy and the well-being of people in all countries. Against the backdrop of global financial crisis, ensuring energy security is vital to effectively tackle the impact of the crisis and to promote the full recovery and long-term development of world economy.
The international community should foster a new energy security outlook featuring mutually beneficial cooperation, diversified development and coordinated supply. Joint efforts must be made to stabilize the prices of energy and other commodities and prevent excessive speculation and market hype, so as to meet the energy demands of all countries, particularly the developing countries, and maintain order in the energy market. Meanwhile, countries should improve their energy mix, promote the R & D and diffusion of advanced technologies, vigorously develop clean and renewable energies, as well as actively advance international cooperation in relevant fields.